Muslim scientists in the World and their useful discoveries until Now
The discussion of the history of Islamic culture in this day and age is not as much as it used to be, it is not surprising that many young foreign generations and scientists who used to play a large role in helping the development and progress of whose discoveries can still be felt today.
The development of Islamic history in the world cannot be separated from the role of previous scholars and scientists. Many prominent Islamic scientists contributed their discoveries to technological progress and the development of other sciences. From physics to anthropology. Here are Muslim scientists and their discoveries that shook the world and are useful to this day.
1. Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
The first scientist from Islam who was able to bring about major changes to the world, namely Ibn Sina. Because of his merits he was dubbed the “Father of Doctor”, his contribution in the field of medicine cannot be doubted. Apart from Qanun fi Thib as a medical reference, there are also other works.
– Discoverer of the Benefits of Ethanol
One of the inventions of Ibn Sina is still used today is ethanol. As is known, ethanol is one of the fluids that are widely used in medicine. The point is to kill microorganisms that have the potential to cause infection in the patient's body.
It turns out that not many people know that the first person who discovered the benefits of ethanol was Ibn Sina. He always uses the liquid when he wants to treat his patients, and mixes medicine. Until now, khamr or ethanol is still used in the medical world.
– Inventor of TB Transmission Theory
The next finding from Ibn Sina is another theory of TB transmission. As already known, TB is a dangerous virus that is dangerous and easily transmitted. Until finally Ibn Sina managed to become the first scientist to put forward the validity of this discovery.
Unfortunately for centuries the theory that he found was not accepted and not recognized by his scientific colleagues from the west. It was only after the invention of the microscope that the theory of TB transmission from Ibn Sina was successfully proven and applied in the medical world.
As an Islamic philosopher and scientist, Ibn Sina often has thoughts that go beyond his time, in the book Serial Figures of Islamic Thought, Ibn Sina reviews how his figure plays out in the world of thought.
2. Al-Zahrawi
Besides Ibn Sina, there are also other scientists who are proud of the Islamic world for their various discoveries. Al Zahrawi or often referred to as a doctor controls the European region. His works concern all things medical practice, here are the explanations:
– Al Tasrif
Known as a doctor who ruled mainland Europe, Al Zahrawi has a work that is still widely used today. Many topics are discussed in it. Starting from children, giving birth and even about teeth. In the 12th century this book was used as a study guide.
Al Zahrawi also discussed in detail about the science of surgery, explaining various tools and how to suture scars. No wonder that in its golden age Europe was very superior in terms of surgery. The book describes at least 30 different volumes of discussion.
– Sewing Theory
The beginning of the emergence of the theory of Al Zahrawi is also still very doubtful, especially because medical equipment at that time was very limited. But in the end, with all his thoughts and understanding, it finally came to fruition. He discovered how to sew up scars.
He discovered the theory of binding organs during surgery to prevent bleeding. Al Zahrawi makes threads made from surgical scars made from animal tissue. The thread is called Catgut derived from the intestines of goats and cows.
3. Al Khwarizmi
– Al Jabar
One of Al Khwarizmi's most famous and widely used inventions even today is Algebra. This one science is very helpful in solving various number rules. This branch of mathematics studies structures, simplified relationships
It is so great to believe that if Al Khwarizmi was born in this century, his cupboard will be filled with various Nobel Prizes for having succeeded in making the world progress far ahead. In addition to algebra, there are many more discoveries, especially in the field of Mathematics.
– Trigonometry and Astronomy
The next branch of science that became the discovery of Al Khwarizmi was trigonometry and astronomy. this discovery managed to make other great scientists stunned. Because with this he can solve various problems that have not been solved for centuries.
Until now, geometry has succeeded in becoming the second branch of mathematics. Its understanding is as simple as algebra. Can help you in solving various problems in mathematics, until now the knowledge of Al Khwarizmi is still used.
– Algorithm Inventor
The next discovery of Al Khwarizmi is the algorithm. This branch of science has been widely known and used even today. It is stated that with his invention many fields of technology have been helped. Because this is the beginning of the calculation steps.
If further mentioned, the algorithm is the procedure or basis of the calculation process both in mathematics and its application in technology. Today we all feel the modern world also from the elements of the use of algorithms, geometry, and algebra.
– Zero (0)
One of the other discoveries of Al Khwarizmi is the number zero. Many people do not know that it was he who introduced the number zero in the world of calculations. As is now used to be a prefix to start the calculation .
Even other scientists are competing to make it a follow-up research. How would he be able to find the zero and be used as a starting point for calculating numbers. But at that time apparently zero had also been studied by mathematicians from India.
In getting to know more about the figure of Al-Khwarizmi, you can read and study the book Islamic Figures: Al-Khwarizmi by Corona Brezina.
4. Abbas ibn Firnas
If you are currently living comfortably comfortably, it could be thanks to the invention of Abbas ibn Firnas. He is a scientist from Andalusia who is mostly engaged in aerodynamics. He was a Muslim who became the first aviator in the world. The idea is inspired by the acrobat game.
– Plane Ideas Creator
Although the development of the field of aerodynamics is China, but if asked who started or sparked the idea about it, the answer is Abbas ibn Firnas. After watching the acrobatic action he felt something interesting.
Of course at first he did not use equipment and shapes resembling today's airplanes, but only a pair of wings made of silk and wood as the frame. Even though it was declared a failure, this home-made aircraft was able to stay above for 10 minutes.
– Versatile Scientist
Abbas Ibn Firnas is also known as a versatile scientist. Because he mastered various fields ranging from medicine, science, and even the arts. He is very, very smart in poetry, singing poetry and the like.
No wonder that in his time Abbas Ibn Firnas was very popular and became a scientist for other scholars. Until now, many people did not know that the originator of the first idea of the plane was Abbas Ibn Firnas.
5. Ibn Al Haytham
– Kitab Al-Manazir
His work is compiled in Kitab Al-Manazir which has been translated under the title The Book of Optics. Consists of 7 volumes, in which there are various discussions ranging from the theory of light. He opposed Euclid and Ptolemy's theory of visible objects because light escapes from the human eye.
He showed that if the theory is wrong, what is correct is precisely the light that comes and then reflects off the object. Light then enters the eye, then there is the process of seeing. Uniquely, he issued this work while he was imprisoned in Cairo.
In addition, Ibn al-Haytam is also known as an Islamic scientist who is an expert in the field of optics, especially his investigation of light. This is discussed in the book PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE: According to Ibn al-Haytham.
6. Ahmad Ibn Tulun
There are still many Islamic scientists who contribute to the world of health, one of them is Ahmad Ibn Tulun. Thanks to today's rapidly developing medical world, many cutting-edge and great treatments can make people recover from even rare and severe diseases.
– Al Fustat Hospital
It is stated in the book Faith and Mental Health in the title Resources for Healing that this is the first hospital that provides the best facilities for its patients. Starting from care, treatment to tools and medical personnel who are already professional.
In the end, Ahmad ibn Tulun succeeded in making the Al-Fustat hospital have a good reputation throughout the world and became a reference for various places around the world in providing care, especially to patients with mental disorders. The management is also advanced and modern.
7. Al-Battani
– Year Determination Discovery
One of the greatest discoveries of Al-Battani is the determination of the year from the sun. In the past, people did not know that the sun has an orbit of 365 days, 5 hours, 46 minutes and 24 seconds. With this theory, finally a calendar can be formed which is now often encountered.
Not many know about the origins of who first coined the theory of the solar period. Now you should be proud because it turns out that the basis for the creation of the calendar is a Muslim named Al-Battani.
– Solving Various Mathematical Problems
You could say Al - Battani is one of the figures who managed to solve the formula for trigonometric equations. He even managed to solve the sin x equation and found the formula, Until finally Al - Battani decided to work in Syria and Damascus which eventually became the place of his death. Unfortunately, until now, many people are still strangers when they hear his name, even though his services are truly extraordinary for the science of mathematics.
8. Ibn Khaldun
In studying various works of Ibn Khaldun including history, sociology, to religious science, you can read the book Biography of Ibn Khaldun which you can only get at Gramedia.com
– Kitab Al-Ibar
One of his legendary works is still used today and is still used as a learning reference for students. This book consists of 7 volumes, the first edition is the Muqaddimah, which explains a lot about Ibn Khaldun's autobiography.
This book also explains how great the thoughts of Ibn Khaldun regarding his various thoughts on Sociology. Scientists from Europe were astonished to know that his works were considered to be ahead of his time, at that time there was actually no term Sociology.
– Muqaddimah
Actually the Muqaddimah is one of the 17 volumes of the Kitab Al-Ibar edition. But from here all the eyes of the world, especially world scientists began to know Ibn Khaldun. In his work he explains about the situation of Islamic civilization in the Middle Ages.
From Muqaddimah he also began to introduce the basics of sociology which is the basis of science which is currently being studied. Thoughts about social phenomena in order to comply with certain rules.
9. Al-Jazari
Al-Jazari is known as someone who has many very specific skills, and he has successfully created various works which you can know about in the book AL-JAZARI – the originator of Robot Technology.
Water Pump Machine
The first invention of Al-Jazari was a water pump machine. At that time this discovery was very useful. Moreover, it is still added with several types of machines to pump it. With the help of these tools, the water in the ground will be sucked up easily.
In ancient times it was very difficult to find a source of clean water, let alone remove it from the ground. Need a tool like the findings of Al-Jazari in order to help the water out perfectly.
Engine Cranks and Gears
Next was the invention of the crank engine and gears which also succeeded in becoming a great benefit at that time. Crank engines could eventually be used in wheel or rod systems capable of driving cars and motorcycles.
The discovery in the mechanical field has also succeeded in becoming the center of world attention. Coupled with the gears that are still used in the automotive world. This type of transition element is still well used today.